For our last exercise of the semester we went through the pre-flight, safety procedures and mission planning of flying and using a UAS quadcopter. We used an Iris and a Matrix model of quadcopters. It was a 52 degree (F) day with complete cloud cover and 6 mph winds. We fly the quadcopters in a field at The Priory location from the navigation exercise throughout the semester.
Methods
The first part of flying is the checklist which we went through for the quadcopter (fig. 1):
Electrical connection
Motor connection
Frame connection
Props secure
Battery secure
Antenna secure
Sensor connected
Power up
Pre-flight checklist of the Iris quadcopter. (fig. 1) |
Next came the Mission Planning which we were able to do using MissionPlanner on a laptop. It was a program that used imagery as a basemap and allowed us to plan out our flight plan. We could add waypoints and the program would create a path from point to point. There is a loiter function that can be used when you want the camera to stand in one spot and maintain altitude. We could create polygons and the program could create a back and forth pattern to map out that entire area based on the field of view of the camera (fig. 2).
Example of the back and forth pattern used by the MissionPlanner program to map out a given polygon. (fig. 2) |
Professor Hypy explaining the MissionPlanner program functions. (fig. 3) |
We also used a program on a tablet called DroidPlanner which was similar to the laptop program and you could even draw out a flight path with your finger.
We also needed to collect groundpoints in order for the UAS to have an accurate GPS location when flying point to point. These groundpoints needed to be very accurate so we used the dual-frequency method from exercise 9 (fig.4). We collected the GPS locations of objects that could be found easily on a satellite image and didn't move such as a parking lot line and trees nearby (fig. 5).
Ground control point at the end of a parking lot line. (fig. 4) |
Group collecting ground control points of nearby trees. (fig. 5) |
Pre-flight check prior to the flight on quadcopter and laptop. (fig. 6) |
The Iris quadcopter in the air during flight. (fig. 7) |
We then went through the process again for the bigger quadcopter, Matrix.
Discussion
We then were to process the imagery on the laptop (fig. 8). You used to have to process the imagery back at the university but now you are able to process it right in the field. The program was able to put together all of the imagery the UAS collected and output a image of the area that we mapped out (fig. 9).
Besides the battery problem in the beginning the pre-flight and flight went off without any major problems. We were able to collect good imagery and learned a lot about how to use UAS correctly.
Conclusion
It is important to make sure when using these technologies that you are always double checking the proper checklists and always thinking about safety. UAS can be misused and can cause harm to people when not properly used and maintained.
UAS is one of the biggest industries coming out of geography today and learning how to use these technologies correctly is vital in being a well-rounded geographer. There is a lot of preplanning and checking that goes on beforehand when flying UAS and now that we have had a course in the use of UAS we can begin to use it to improve our geographic research projects